Speech Illusions in People at Clinical High Risk or Psychosis Linked to Clinical Outcome
- UNCG Author/Contributor (non-UNCG co-authors, if there are any, appear on document)
- Thomas R. Kwapil, Associate Professor (Creator)
- Institution
- The University of North Carolina at Greensboro (UNCG )
- Web Site: http://library.uncg.edu/
Abstract: Background and hypothesis: Around 20% of people at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosislater develop a psychotic disorder, but it is difficult to predict who this will be. We assessed theincidence of hearing speech (termed speech illusions [SIs]) in noise in CHR participants andexamined whether this was associated with adverse clinical outcomes.Study design: At baseline, 344 CHR participants and 67 healthy controls were presented with acomputerized white noise task and asked whether they heard speech, and whether speech wasneutral, affective, or whether they were uncertain about its valence. After 2 years, we assessedwhether participants transitioned to psychosis, or remitted from the CHR state, and theirfunctioning.Study results: CHR participants had a lower sensitivity to the task. Logistic regression revealedthat a bias towards hearing targets in stimuli was associated with remission status (OR =0.21, P = 042). Conversely, hearing SIs with uncertain valence at baseline was associated withreduced likelihood of remission (OR = 7.72. P = .007). When we assessed only participants whodid not take antipsychotic medication at baseline, the association between hearing SIs withuncertain valence at baseline and remission likelihood remained (OR = 7.61, P = .043) and thisvariable was additionally associated with a greater likelihood of transition to psychosis (OR = 5.34, P = .029).Conclusions: In CHR individuals, a tendency to hear speech in noise, and uncertainty about theaffective valence of this speech, is associated with adverse outcomes. This task could be used ina battery of cognitive markers to stratify CHR participants according to subsequent outcomes.
Speech Illusions in People at Clinical High Risk or Psychosis Linked to Clinical Outcome
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Created on 3/29/2023
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Additional Information
- Publication
- Schizophrenia Bulletin, 49(2)
- Language: English
- Date: 2022
- Keywords
- signal-detection, white noise task, uncertainty, remission, transition