Adaptation of Upper Airway Muscles to Chronic Endurance Exercise

ASU Author/Contributor (non-ASU co-authors, if there are any, appear on document)
Andrew Shanely Ph.D, Associate Professor (Creator)
Institution
Appalachian State University (ASU )
Web Site: https://library.appstate.edu/

Abstract: We tested the hypothesis that chronic endurance exercise is associated with the recruitment of four major upper airway muscles (genioglossus, digastric, sternohyoid, and omohyoid) and results in an increased oxidative capacity and a fast-toward-slow shift in myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms of these muscles. Female Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 8; 60 days old) performed treadmill ex- ercises for 12 weeks (4 days/week; 90 minutes/day). Age-matched sedentary female rats (n = 10) served as control animals. Training was associated with an increase (p < 0.05) in the activities of both citrate synthase and superoxide dismutase in the digastric and sternohyoid muscles, as well as in the costal diaphragm. Com- pared with the control animals, Type I MHC content increased (p < 0.05) and Type IIb MHC content decreased (p < 0.05) in the digas- tric, sternohyoid, and diaphragm muscles of exercised animals. Training did not alter (p > 0.05) MHC phenotype, oxidative capac- ity, or antioxidant enzyme activity in the omohyoid or genioglossus muscle. These data indicate that endurance exercise training is associated with a fast-to-slow shift in MHC phenotype together with an increase in both oxidative and antioxidant capacity in se- lected upper airway muscles. It seems possible that this exercise- mediated adaptation is related to the recruitment of these mus- cles as stabilizers of the upper airway.

Additional Information

Publication
Heather K. Vincent, Robert A. Shanely, Darby J. Stewart, Haydar A. Demirel, Karyn L. Hamilton, Andrew D. Ray, Charles Michlin, Gaspar A. Farkas, and Scott K. Powers (2002) "Adaptation of Upper Airway Muscles to Chronic Endurance Exercise" American Journal Of Respiratory And Critical Care Medicine Vol# 166 Version of Record Available @ (DOI: 10.1164/rccm.2104120)
Language: English
Date: 2002
Keywords
respiratory muscles, oxidative, antioxidant, myosin, upper airway muscles

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