Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Suppresses The Phagocytic Capacity Of A Tumor-Promoting Macrophage Population
- ASU Author/Contributor (non-ASU co-authors, if there are any, appear on document)
- Austin Grant Simmons (Creator)
- Institution
- Appalachian State University (ASU )
- Web Site: https://library.appstate.edu/
- Advisor
- Maryam Ahmed
Abstract: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have been found in high numbers in aggressive breast cancers, where they often stimulate metastasis and suppress anti-tumor immunity. Such TAMs represent the alternatively activated M2 subtype, though they may exist as classically activated M1 macrophages with anti-tumor phenotypes. The purpose of this project was to evaluate the impact of oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) on M1 and M2 macrophages by a determination of changes to their phagocytic properties. THP-1 monocytes were differentiated and polarized to M1 or M2 macrophage subtypes and infected with a recombinant wild-type strain of VSV (rwt) or an isogenic matrix (M) protein mutant strain (rM51R-M virus), the latter of which stimulates antiviral immunity. Our data indicate that M2 macrophages phagocytose 11-fold more E. coli bioparticles than their M1 counterparts, and that infection with rwt virus, and to a lesser degree rM51R-M virus, reduces phagocytosis to M1 macrophage levels. To determine whether changes in phagocytosis might occur in a cancer context, we developed an in vitro breast tumor model containing dye-labeled MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and pre-polarized M2 macrophages. By elucidating how macrophages and cancer cells collectively respond to VSV, we hope to gain a greater understanding of VSV as an anti-cancer agent.
Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Suppresses The Phagocytic Capacity Of A Tumor-Promoting Macrophage Population
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Created on 1/14/2022
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Additional Information
- Publication
- Thesis
- Simmons, A. (2021). Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Suppresses The Phagocytic Capacity Of A Tumor-Promoting Macrophage Population. Unpublished Master’s Thesis. Appalachian State University, Boone, NC.
- Language: English
- Date: 2021
- Keywords
- Vesicular stomatitis virus,
Macrophages,
Oncolytic virotherapy,
Phagocytosis,
Tumor microenvironment